A
ABANDON
give up, forsake under command
ME: abandounen = forsake, give up; F: à bandon = in the power of, at one’s disposal, available, at liberty (to); by proclamation – hence, under control, at one’s discretion, with one’s permission – from bandon = jurisdiction; L: ad- = to + bandum, bannum = order, decree, ban; bannire = to proscribe, outlaw; ME: bannien = to prohibit, curse; AS: gebann = proclamation, command, order (usually of the King); bannen = excommunication, exile; *BHA = to speak, declare; to shine; GK: phone = clear voice; L: fari = to speak; fabula = narrative; SKT: bha = to shine; bhan = speak, declare; *BHAN = show, display clearly; *BHAW = to glow; GK: phos = light; GK: phanein = to shine, glow; to show; phasis = appearance;
HB: hazab = to loosen, permit, relinquish, leave; hez = strength, might, power; hazar = to surround, protect, aid, defend – hence, strengthen; hazarah = enclosure, border; *HUZ = demonstrable force; reinforcement by self-iteration or doubling; rock, fortress; *ZB = reflective motion; pullulating, tumultuous motion; effervescence; distillation, condensation;
HB: natash = to pound, smite, disperse, thrust off, reject; natah = to stretch, spread out, bend away, decline, cause to yield; nataph = distil, ooze; natal = lift, bear, raise, impose;
GK: aphiemi = to send-forth, leave, yield up – from apo- = off, away + hiemi = to go;
GK: egkataleipo = to leave behind in some place, to let remain over; to desert – from eggus, agcho = near, at hand, nigh, ready; agkos = bend, ache, arm – as curved; age = to lead; en- = position, instrumentality – hence, in + kata = opposition, distribution, intensity – hence, down, away, behind + leipo = to leave, fail, be absent; be destitute; lack; cf. E: leaf; [1] kataleipo = to leave down, behind; to abandon, have remaining; forsake, leave, reserve;
ban, banish, phenomenon
ABBEY
matrix of propagation
GK, L: abbas = father[2];
HB: *AB = unity (A) tied to interior activity (B), thus productive cause, efficient will, generative force; that which is producer, which produces & germinates; fatherhood (cf. Abraham, Brahma); action tending towards a desired goal; that which increases and propagates itself - vegetation; *AOB = universal matrix, stomach, cavity, vase;
abbot, abbess
ABODE
tarrying place
ME: abood = delay, tarry; abide = to wait for; AS: abidan = to bide; Goth: usbeidan = to expect; to suffer for a thing, to buy a thing off, to pay dearly for it; AS: abycgan = to pay for; cf. E: bid, bide = to await, to pray; *BHEIDH = to persuade, trust; GK: peitho, L: fidere = trust, fidelity; cf. L: fidere = to trust; SKT: bodhaya = to cause to know; budh = to awake, understand, see; cf. buddhi, Buddha, *BHEUDH = to awake, observe, inform, command, bid; see *BHEU = to dwell, become, be - under BUILD;
HB: liyn = to stop (overnight); to stay, continue, tarry, remain, dwell; *LN, *LIYN = reflected (night or nocturnal) light – hence, to watch or wake, to stay the night;
HB: iyshab = to sit down, dwell, remain, tarry; to sit in judgement; to wait or lie in ambush; haunt, lurk; iysh = to stand out, exist; *IYSH = to be, to appear as such, as manifested in substance; *SHB = return to a beginning or origin; restitution, reformation; captivity, deportation;
GK: meno = to stay (in a given place, state, relation); abide, continue, endure, be present; *MEN = to remain - see REMNANT; GK: menein, L: manere = to remain; cf. *MEN = to think, remember – see MEMORY; and *MEN = to project, jut out; see MOUNTAIN;
build, become, dwell, memory, mountain, remnant, remainder
ABOUT
on (that which is) by (the) outside
ME: abuten = around, concerning – from a-, an- = on, about + bu = be, by + utan = outward: hence `on-be-utan’ = on-by-out; on (that which is) by (the) outside; see ABUT;
HB: hal = above, over, upon, against – see ABOVE;
HB: sabab = to revolve, surround, border, be about on every side, encompass; *SB = what encircles, surrounds, envelops; contour, circuit, enclosure; circumstance, occasion, cause; *SBB = to turn, circumscribe, envelop, circumvent, covert; to turn something upside down, spill, upturn;
HB: ath = near, by, amongst; cf. anah = to approach, meet; *ATH = relationality, mutuality; D’Olivet notes the distinction between *AN = the subject, me and *ATH = the object, you; as well as between *AITH = what is, and *LIYTH = what is not;[3]
GK: peri = through, all over, around, with respect to, concerning, touching; circuit around or excess beyond, or completeness through or throughout – from peiran, peiro = to pierce through, go across – ie. beyond, farther, to the other side, over to the end, to the “ut-(ter)most part”[4]; cf. per = abundance – in the sense of thoroughness; emphatic particle – much, very or ever; see *PER = to go through, travel; to produce, bring forth; limit, edge, boundary – under PERIPHERY;
GK: perichoros = around the region, circumajacent, in the vicinity of; country round about, region that lies round about – from peri = around + choros = place, region, country;
abut, above, boundary, experience, peril, periphery
ABOVE
on (that which is) by (what is) upward
ME: abufen; AS: abufan - from a-, an- = on, about + bu = be, by + ufan = upward, over; GL: oben; hence, `on-be-ufan’ = on-by-over; on (that which is) by (what is) upward/over; cf. E: abaft, decomposed as a- = on, about + bu = be, by + aeftan = aft, behind – hence, `on-be-aeftan’ = on (that which is) by (what is) aft;
HB: hal = above, over, upon, against; halah = to ascend, be high; God, Allah; *HUL = primordial matter, extensive power, spatial development and deployment; matter extending indefinitely – hence: towards, for, according to, because of, above, on, next to…; what increases, stretches out, arise, is high, superior; cf. mahal = the upper part, upward, above, overhead; mahalah = elevation, a thought – as rising; upward progression; *ML = continuity, plenitude – from *M = exterior action + *AL = elevation, extension - hence, continuously elevating extension;
GK: hyper = over, above, beyond, across; for the sake of, instead of; exceeding abundantly; cf. hypo = under, beneath, among – in the sense of an inferior or covert position, a position of stealth; cf. hypoballo = to throw stealthily, to introduce by collusion; hypokrisis = acting under a feigned part, deceit, hypocrisy; hypokatto = down under, beneath; hypostello = to withdraw, withhold under, conceal;
GK: epi = superimposition, distribution – over, (up)on, towards;
GK: ano = upwards, on the top, above – from anti = opposite, instead of, because of, contrasting with;
ABSENCE
to be (concealed) away
L: absentem, absens, abesse = to be away – from ab- = away + sens – from esse = to be; SKT: sant = being; as = to exist, be; *ES = to dwell, be; cf. L: sensus = feeling, under SENSE; see ESSENCE, CONCEAL, PRESENCE,
HB: sathat = conceal, hide by covering; cf. sethav = winter – as the season of the hidden sun; sethar = to conceal, to destroy, demolish; satham = to stop up, shut out – repair a leak; sithrah = a cover, secret hiding place; *STH = envelopment, veil, covering, obscurity; *SOU = curved, round; *SOUH = veil, vestment which envelops, which undulates or billows; *SCH, *SKH = round and closed thing capable of containing and covering; sac, veil, over – from *S = circumferentiality + *CH, *KH = restriction, exclusion, exception; *SOUTH = to act in the shadows, to seduce, persuade, cover with a veil; *SA = circumferentiality, tour, contour, roundness; *SAH = roundness capable of containing – a sac; *S = whistling of a bow, circular movement, circumferential relationship; see CURTAIN;
GK: apousia = being away, absence – from ap- = away, off + ousia = substance, property – from on, ousa – present participle of eimi = I exist, am; GK: apeimi -= to go away – from apo- = off, away + eimi = to go;
GK: apechomai = to hold oneself off, refrain, abstain; apecho = to have out, receive in full; keep oneself away, be distant – from ap- = off, away + echo, scheo = to have, hold; skeue, skeuos = vessel, implement, apparatus, furniture, tackle; skenos = hut, temporary residence; see skene, under SKY and TENT;
essence, conceal, curtain, presence, sense, sky, tent
ABUT
to reach a threshold
L: ad = to, at + bout = an end – hence, to project towards, border on, be close upon; to fix bonds, join end to end; OF: bouter = push, thrust (F: à bout = at the end; aboutir = to reach [a limit, threshold, goal]), but also to place, locate, bear - see buttress;
buttress
ABYSS
depthlessness
GK: abussos = without depth (bussos, cf. buthos, bathos), L: abyssus = bottomless, and F: abime, abimer = to spoil; and abime = abyss;
ACCURATE
careful
L: accuratus = studied; accurare = to take pains with - from ad & curare = to take care; cf. cure;
care, solicitude
ACOUSTIC
related to hearing
GK: akoustikos, related to hearing; akouo = to hear, understand; cf. F: entendre, entendement = hearing, understanding;
ACROPOLIS
high pullulation
GK: akropolis = upper city; akros = pointed, highest, upper, & polis = city; cf. *AK = to be sharp, pierce; GK: akros = pointed, akone = whetstone; akme = edge; L: acus = needle; acuere = to sharpen; acies = edge; cf. *AG/AK = drive, urge, conduct; L: acrimonia = sharpness, keenness (acute, acrid, acerbity, acid, acumen); see GK: ek, ex, under ACT;
act, pullulation
ACROTERION
place of hearing
GK: akroaterion = place of hearing, audience room; akroaomai = to listen, hearer, hearing;
ACT
how matter works
L: acta = thing done, GK: agein, L: agere = do, drive, conduct, urge; actuare = perform, put into action; *AG = drive; GK: agein = conduct (agile, agitate); cf. agony. GK: agros = field, country, farm, land; see AGORA, AGONY,
HB: phahul = to (habitually) do, make; to practice; phohul = act, work, deed; *PHA = the most apparent aspect of a thing, the face, mouth; *PH = the mouth – as instrument of thought; speech; *HUL = hylic matter, primordial substance – see MATTER and WOOD – hence phahul is literallt: the face or apparent aspect of matter, how matter works;
HB: dabar = a word, a matter – as spoken of; thing, topic, subject – from dabar = to arrange, speak, subdue, command, bid, declare, utter, name; see dabar and *DBR = emanation, propagation, production, under WILDERNESS;
HB: huliyl = completing; crucible, furnace – as tempering and perfecting a metal; huliyliyah = (miraculous) execution, work; hulilah = effecting, performance; opportunity; action, deed, work – from hulal = to effect thoroughly, to complete; to overdo; cf. hulam = to veil from sight, conceal; halam = remote time – future or past; helem = to keep out of sight; see *HUL, above; cf. *LM = bond, gather together, reunite; hence action, particularly on matter or on what matters, of the matter of action, all maintain a dimension of concealment; see GK: poeisis = to make, do and praxis = act, deed;
Cf. GK: ek, ex; ME: ek, echen, ecan; AS: iecan; Teutonic: aukjan; Swedish: oka; L: augere = to increase, augment; SKT: ojas, ochas = strength; all from the etymological *AUG(w), *AUK = to increase; cf. *AWEG(w), *WEG(w) – Sanscrit: ugras = very strong; cf. Gothic: aukan = to eke, augment; *WEG, *WEK = to be vigorous, watchful; to wake; *WEKS = to increase; L: uegere = to excite, arouse; AS: wacan = to come to life; weaxan = to wax, increase; SKT: vaksh = to grow; vac = speech (as increasing and filling space);
*WEIK = to come to, to enter; SKT: vic = to enter; vecas = a settler, neighbour, near-dweller; vecman = house; GK: oikos = house, dwelling; Latin: uicus = village (cf. vicinity);
GK: ek = out, away (from), fully; origin – from which something emerges and grows (out of); ek, en = in, at, position, instrumentality; hekas = each, every, each one severally, particularity, specificity; hekaton = a hundred (as excess of the several); ekei = there, thence; ektos = exterior, beside, out of, without; exo = outside – but also strange, odd, unfamiliar (as excluded from); ekeinos = that one (there), that specific and particular one; he, it, the other, this, those (who are there, in that place, located, present); cf. hektos = sixth – from ex, hex = 6; hexes = successive, what comes next (6 is the number of the circle – therefore of completeness: a circumference being divisible into 6 equal parts by its radius, yielding a hexagon); cf. L: aequus = equal, just, equity, balance, equivalence (born of completeness); cf. GK: agein = to drive, lead, induce, carry (forth, out of); agan = much, exceedingly; Latin: actuare = to perform; from *AK, *AG = to drive, conduct; the agency of an act; SKT: aj = to drive; Icelandic: aka, ok = to drive; cf. aqua = water (as that which is driven [to flow]); *AK , *AH = to be sharp, to pierce; GK: akros = pointed; akone = whetstone; aken = edge; L: acuere = sharpen; AS: ecg = edge;
SKT: ek, eka = one, the same, not accompanied by anyone, firm, single of its kind, unique (en [= being, to be] + ek [= one]), chief, peerless, true; eka = in one; ekam = one; ekatuam = in oneness; ekayad = by one; ekasthana = (standing) in one place; ekena = alone;
acre, actor, actual, agent, agora, agony, matter, poesis, praxis, wilderness, wood
ADJACENT
L: adiacere = to lie near to; iacere = to throw, put;
jet, adjoin
ADORN
decked-out
L: adornare = to deck; adorare = pray to; cf. orire = rise, order, ornament, decoration; GK: kosmeo = to put in proper order; to decorate, adorn, garnish, trim; kosmios = orderly, decorous, modest; cf. kosmos = orderly arrangement, world, decoration; –kosm- = distribute, arrange under COSMOS;
HB: hudah = to advance, pass on, continue; to bedeck, adorn; fixture, assemblage; hudiy = trappings, finery, outfit, ornament; hud = duration, perpetuity, ever-being – GK aion; *HUD = time; temporal, sensible and transitory things; worldly pleasures – hence, wordly beauty, grace, ornament;
cosmos, cosmetic, decoration, decorum, equipment, ornament, furniture, mobile
ADVENT
coming
L: adventus = coming, approach, arrival; from ad = to and venire = come—from *GWA = go, come. Compare *WE, blow, and L: ventus = wind (that which comes and goes); inventus = invent, come upon, devise, discover, breathe-into;
F: eventer = let out, expose to the air; eventail, fan;
ME: fent/French fente = split, outlet (for water or air).
adventure, avenue, become, circumvent, come, convent, covenant, event, intervene, invent, prevent, provenance, revenant, souvenir, venue, welcome, vent, fent...
AEDICULE
of buildings
L: aedes = building; cf. edifice.
AEON
ever-being
GK: aei = always, ever + en = being; aion = age, period; aionios = perpetual, everlasting;
AESTHETICS
apprehension by sense perception
GK: aesthetikos = perceptive, relating to perception; aisthanomai = to perceive, apprehend by the senses; aisthesis = perception, discernment; cf. thanatos = death; thesis = proposition, statement, thing laid down; thetos = placed; cf. *EIS = to ask, seek, wish;
AGENCY
strategic force
L: agere, mobilise, do, achieve, perform, drive forward, maintain in motion; from *AG, drive, draw forth, draw out, move.
act, agenda, agent, agile, agitate, agony, ambiguous, anagogical, coagulate, cache, cogent, exact, examine, exigency, exiguous, strategy, transaction...
AGONY
without issue: no future
GK: agonia = contest, wrestling, struggle, anguish, striving; agon = place of assembly, arena, contest, contention; ago = to lead, agein = to drive; agonistes = champion cf. GK: gonia = angle, quarter, corner, joint, knee; akrogoniaios = belonging to the extreme, uttermost or chief (akro) corner; ginomai = to become, come into being, cause to be; ginosko = to know; genea = generation, age, issue, offspring; genesis = nativity; genete = birth; gennao = to procreate, regenerate, beget; gennema = produce – offspring, fruit; genos = kin, offspring diversity; see ANGLE, CORNER;
Stratagems are adversarial, contestational, agonic.[5] They rhyme moves and countermoves; contest rules determining legitimate and illegitimate protocols, conducts and actions of games[6]; destabilise privileged structures and practices[7]; collude in sport and play.[8]
angle, antagonist, corner, protagonist, strategy,
AGORA
bounded place of assembly
GK: agora = public assembly, from ageiro = to gather, a town square, market, thoroughfare; cf. agra = a catch, haul of fish; agoreuin = to speak; ageirein = to assemble; cf. ago, age = to lead, bring, drive, induce, bring forth, carry, bring up; agros = field, country, farm, land;
GK: agathos = good, virtue; agan = much, great, exceeding; agape = love, affection, benevolence; aggos = receptacle, vessel - as agkos = bent or curved, concavity (anchor); *ANQ, *ANG = bend - see angle; aggelos = messenger (angel - as one bringing or carrying tidings); age = lead, come on, go; hagios = sacred; hagion = sacred place, sanctuary; agon = place of assembly (as if led there), as well as the contest held there - effort, anxiety, conflict, contention, fight, race; agonia = struggle, state of anguish, competition, contention, striving;
*AG, *AK = drive, urge, conduct; SKT: aj, GK: agein, L: agere = drive; *AGH, *AG = pull tight; *AK = sharp, piercing, GK: akros = pointed; akme = edge; AS: ecg = edge; see ACT;
act, agony, ache, agency, agile, axis, hegemony, synagogue
AIR
spirit
GK: aer = air, mist; aemi = breathe, respire, blow; inanimate breeze (cf. phucho = voluntary breathing, and psuche = soul, sentient principle, spirit; airo = to lift, raise, take up, sail away, remove, expiate (cf. G: luft, and laughter); SKT: va = blow (vaya);
AISLE
wing
L: ala = wing; F: aile = wing; from L: axla, acsla, axilla = wing, shoulder blade; GK: ale = wandering; isle;
axis, axle, alley
ALCHEMY
working of substance
ME: alconomye; OF: alchemie – from Arabic: al kimia; HB: *KM = indefinite substance; *KOUM = to take on consistence, substance, to be extended; consolidated; *KIYM = substance being worked; GK: chemeia = transmutation; chumeia = mingling; cheein, cheimon, cheo = to pour; storm; rainy season – ie. winter; chamai = earthward, prostrate, onto the ground; *CHEU, *CHAO, *KHAO = gape, yawn, chasm – see under SPACE; cognate with L: fundere = found, pour;
ALCOVE
vaulted recess
S: alcoba = recess in a room; Arabic: qobbah, qubbah = tent, vaulted space, arch, dome (cf. *KB and HB: qabbala, under CUBE;
cube
ALLEGORY
spoken otherwise
GK, L: allegoria, describing one thing under the guise of another; from Greek allos, other, another, different, beyond, and agoreuein, to speak; from agora, assembly—hence to speak otherwise; agora is from *GER, gather—hence gathering place, place of assembly, assembly of citizens, of the politeia;
aggregate, agora, category, congregate, egregious, gregarious, panegyric, segregate...
ALTAR
high place of immolation
L: altare = high place; altus = high (altitude); alere = well nourished, tall; GK: thusiasterion = place of sacrifice – from thusia = sacrifice, thuo = to rush, sacrifice, immolate, slay, slaughter, and stao, histemi = to stand, abide, establish; also thusia = sacrifice + aster = a star – as both strewn over the sky and as standing in place; stroo = spread, strewn, positioned; and stereos = to be solid, stable – see STAND;
stand
ALREADY
accumulated, plaited abundance
HB: chebar = extent of time, a great while, chabar = to plait together; to augment, accumulate, multiply to abundance; chibrah = length, measure; chebarah = netted sieve; cf, chaab = to feel pain, grieve, be weighted down; chabed = heavy; great, numerous; chabod = weight; chabbiyr = vast; *CHBR = concentration, centralisation; *CH = containment, receptivity + *BR = production, emanation, manifestation;
GK: ede = even now – from e- = confirmation + de = emphasis – now, then, also, doubtless
ALWAYS
concealed perpetuity
HB: hulam = concealed; time out of mind; eternity; perpetuity; from ancient times – from halam = to veil from sight, conceal; remote time - past or future; forever;
HB: thamiyd = to stretch, continuance, indefinite extension; constant, regular, perpetual; thamam = to complete, accomplish; themol = ago, time since; *THM = perfection, integrity, truth; achievement, accomplishment, perfection; *THMM = degenerated virtue, error, imperfection;
GK: pas-, pan- = all, any, every, the whole; pantote = every when, at all times – from pas-, pan- + hote = when, while; hoti = that; hotou = during which same time, whilst; hotan = whenever; cf. pante = always, wholly; pantos = entirely, at all events, by all means;
AMBIANCE
encircling ambit
GK: amphi = roundabout;
L: ambiens = going around—from *AMBHI, around, roundabout and *IRE/*EI, go—hence, what goes around, encircles, circumscribes; surroundings; ambit;
F: ambiance, atmosphere, mood, character, quality, tone.
ambiguous, ambit, ambivalence, ambition, ambulant, atmosphere, be, begin, between, circumambience, perambulate, preamble…
AMBIGUOUS
indeterminable alternation.
L: ambiguous = equivocal, having a double sense; by implication, uncertain, doubtful, undecidable, indeterminate; open to multiple interpretations; debatable; from *AMBHI, around and *AG, drive, draw forth, draw out, move, urge—hence, to go/wander about/around; to hesitate, waiver, shift, change.
SKT: abhita = on both sides; abhi, towards;
GK amphi/L: ambi = around, round about.
about, agony, alley, ambiance, ambient, ambivalent, ambit, ambition, amble, amphora, amputate, ancillary, atmosphere, between, circumambience, circumambulate, circumstance, consequence, mood, perambulate, preamble…
AMONG
in-between, where the different touch
HB: thouch = to sever, bisection; in the middle of, in the midst; thowa = a mark, signature; *THOUCH = the midst, what is between two things, place of reunion; *THOU = sign, symbol, narrative, description, designation; *THCH = point of contact or touch or reunion between things; intermediate link; the in-between; the critical point of a thing or question;
HB: kereb = the nearest part, the centre; the inward, therein; karab = to approach, bring near, caused to draw nigh, be at hand, join; kerab = hostile encounter; kurban = something brought near the altar, sacrificial presentation, oblation, offering; kara = to accost a person met, call out, address by name, bid; encounter, meet; *KR = what is incisive, penetrant; what engraves, designates; character, writing, script; to proclaim, call out, call up, name, convoke, evoke – from *K = compression, instrument + *RB = multiplication, augmentation, increase, extension;
GK: pros = directionality – forward, toward, further, before – with the sense of accession or nearness to: ie. toward the side of: “together to ([you])-ward, unto, with (-in)”;[9]
GK: eis = to or into – in the sense of a place or time reached or entered;
GK: en = position, instrumentality; relation of rest – in, at, up, on, by, about;
GK: mesos = middle, between, among – from meta = accompaniment, amid; participation, proximity – eg. metaxu = betwixt, intervening, adjoining; metecheo = to share, participate, belong to; metoche = participation, fellowship; metochos = partner, sharer, associate;
between
ANALOGY
proportionality
GK: analogia = equality of ratios, correspondence - ana = up, upon, through & logia, logos = discourse, statement, account, proportion; legein = to speak; from GK: ana- = up, severally, in, through - ie by repetition, intensity, reversal + logos = word, discourse, reasoning; analogia = proportion, that which is present `throughout the parts’ – hence, analogy means literally that discourse or principle present throughout a thing or across several things;
proportion
ANALYSIS
loosen up (what binds)
GK: ana = up, severally, in, through + luo = loosen, break up, undo, dissolve, melt, destroy;
synthesis
ANAMNESIS
unforgetfulness
GK: anamnesis = recollection, to remember again, recall up to the mind, grasp again, bear in mind, fix in the mind - from mnaomai and meno = to stay in one place, abide, tarry, dwell, endure, remain, stand; cf. *MEN, under MEASURE;
measure, memory
ANGEL
eloquent messenger
GK: aggelos, SKT: angiras = messenger;
HB: malak = to dispatch; a messenger, deputy, ambassador; prophet, priest, teacher; cf. mala = to fill, be full of, fulfil, accomplish, confirm; abundance, fruit; malakuwth = message; *ML = plenitude; fulfilled motion, something entirely formed; elocution, speech, eloquence; *LAK = to send, delegate;
GK: aggelos = messenger, bringer of tidings; aggelia = announcement, message – from ago = to lead, drive, bring, pass, induce, carry; see *AG, under ACT;
act
ANGLE
crook hook
GK: agkulos = crooked; ogkos, agkon, agkura = (bent) hook; SKT: anch = bend; *ANQ = bend, curve; GK: agkura = anchor, agkon = bend; L: uncus = curved, hooked (anchor), angulus = angle; cf. *ANGH = choke, strangle; GK: agkein = strangle; L: angere = choke;
HB: hackah = hook; *HECK = what grasps, interiority; touch, tact;
anguish, anger
ANIMAL
breathing being
*AN = to breathe; SK: an- = to breathe; GK: anemos = wind, the four quarters of the earth; L: anima = breath; animus = spirit;
ANNEAL
temper
ME: anelen, AS: onoelan = inflame, kindle, heat, melt, burn; ME: anelen = to enamel glass by heat; to temper (metals) by heat and gradual cooling; AS: onelan = put oil upon, annoint, cf. EE: unannealed = not having received extreme unction;
temper…
ANNEX
to bind, connect
F: annexer = knit, join; L: annectere = knit, bind to, fasten, unite - from ad = to & nectere = bind;
connect, knot
ANNUAL
circular form
L: annus = year, annulus = ring, anus = rounding, circular form, iron ring;
ANSWER
declare in return
ME: andswerrien; AS: andswarien = reply (in opposition to) - from AS: and-, GK: anti = against, in opposition to + swar, swearian = to swear, speak, declare; *SWER = buzz, make a sound; SKT: svr = to sound; svara = tone, note, sound, voice;
HB: amar = to say, appoint, call, challenge, answer; *AM = conditionality, passive causality, plastic principle, maternity; mother, matrix; rule, measure, model, cause; *MR = what extends, invades space, is delivered over to its proper impulse; to pass, overtake; *MOUR = change, mutation, variation – hence *AMR would mean motion and variation of causal measure, the impulse of the foundational matrix; see *MA, under MEASURE and MANIFESTATION
HB: hunah = to eye or heed; to pay attention, respond; to look down, depress, afflict, abase; to answer, speak; *HU = inflexion + *N = augmentation – hence, complete inflexion: either convex, as a circle or globe, or concave, as a hole or depression; to appear in material form; to obscure, thicken, take material form, embody, become incorporated, become perceptible – hence, the eye; cf. anan = to cover, cloud; anach = to choke; aniy = depressed, afflicted;
HB: shuwb = to turn back, retreat, repeat, retort, cause to answer again[10]; *SHB = return to a point of departure, restitution; captivity, deportation; cf. *SH = motion and associated duration + *B = interior activity; or *SH + *AB = paternity; cf, sheber = fracture; shabar = burst; shaba = to be complete; shibah = the number 7, number of completion; see *SHB, under DRAW;
GK: apokrinomai = to conclude for oneself; to respond, to begin to speak- from apo- = off, away + krino = distinguish, discern, decide; see CRAFT;
GK: apologia = plea, apology, to answer for oneself – from apo- = off, away + logos = something said, speech, topic; cf. apologeomai = to give an account, defend, excuse;
craft, draw, manifestation, measure, question
ANTICIPATION
foreshadowing
L: ante- = before and capere = take, grasp, seize; from *KAP = grasp; L: capax = receptivity, ability; hence, taking care of ahead of time, taking possession beforehand; to hold much; capacity; to be large enough for; Gth: haban, to have, hold, from *KHA = space, gape, chaos, chiasm;
advance, advantage, accept, capable, capture, end, except, have, incapacity, inception, intercept, occupy, participate, recuperate, until…
APARTMENT
place of withdrawal: a room apart
I: appartare = to withdraw apart; a parte = apart; L: ad partem = to the one part or side - from ad- = to + partem = a part; cf. F: appartenir = to belong to;
part, proportion…
APOCALYPSE
uncovering disclosure
GK: apo = off, away + kaluptein = cover; cf. kalube = cabin, hut, cell, cover; see CUBE;
cover, cube…
APOLLO
without confusion
GK: apollumi – from apo = off, away + ollumi = destroy, ruin, punish; or a- = without + pollos = multiplicity, polemos, pelomai = bustle, war, confusion; cf. polus, pollos = many, manifold, multiplicity; cf. apolouo = to wash fully, immerse, baptise (louo = to bathe fully); apoluo = free, fully release; apolutrosis = ransom, riddance, salvation, redemption; cf. lutron, luo = something to loosen with, redemption price, atonement, ransom; lutroo = redeem;[11]
APORIA
impasse
GK: aporias = impasse, without passage; difficulty, perplexity, want of means, poverty; from aporos, impassable, impracticable, very difficult, hard to deal with, at a loss negation; from a-, without + poros (*PER) = passage;
aporetic, bear, bearing, comport, deport, emporium, export, fare, ferry, firth, ford, import, importune, opportune, opportunity, passport, periphery, perimeter, porch, pore, porosity, port, portal, portico, transport, wayfarer, welfare…
APOSTASY
standing-away
GK: apostasis = separation, defection, revolt - as a standing (stasis) from, off or away (apo); cf. apostolos = delegate, one sent, apostle; apostello = one set apart or send away – from ap- = off, away + stello = to set fast, stall, abstain from associating with, withdraw, avoid; cf. *STA, under STAND;
stand
APPARATUS
what procures into appearance
L: apparatus = tool, equipment, implement, preparation; from apparare—ad = to + parare = make ready; from *PERE = produce, procure;
apparel, appear, cosmetic, decorum, decoration, equipment, ornament, par part, parallel, pair, peer, periphery, prepare, proportion…
APPAREL
what brings forth visibly
ME: appareil = to clothe, dress, to make ready, to arrange like with like; L: pariculus = alike, similar, equal – from par- = equal; F: pareil = similar, alike; cf. apareil = instrument, tool, apparatus – in the sense of makes something appear or show forth; L: apparere = to become visible, come forth visibly; apparatus = preparation – from ad- = to + parare = to make ready, prepare; see PREPARE, APPEAR;
apparatus, appear, cosmetic, decorum, decoration, equipment, ornament, par, parallel, pair, peer, prepare…
APPEAR
what comes into view
L: aparere = to appear – from ad-, ap- = to + parere = come into view, appear – in the sense of coming to sight through a limit, veil or boundary; see APPAREL, and *PER, under PERIPHERY;
HB: raah = to see, appear; discern, gaze, present; cf. reiy = mirror, looking glass; roiy = sight, spectacle; reiyth = beholding; *RA = a ray – as emerging from centre to periphery; visible ray; sight – as projected from a subject, into the world; *RAH = to see, to fix the eyes on an object; cf. mareh = a view, the act of seeing; appearance, shape, looks, countenance; murah = something conspicuous, prominent – in the sense of highly visible; cf. mara = to be domineering, to rebel, maltreat; *MR = what expands, extends – hence exerting its dominion, and becoming visible; also *MA = measure + *RA = emergence – hence mara = visible manifestation of measure – hence the aspect, shape, appearance of an emergent being;
GK: apokalupsis = disclosure, coming, manifestation, revelation; apokalupto = uncover – from apo- = off + kalupto = cover up, hide; cf. kaluma = veil; kaleo = to call forth, name, bid; kalos = beautiful, good – for appearance or use, as opposed to agathos = intrinsic good;
GK: epiphanei = manifestation, advent, appearance, brightness; epiphaino = to shine upon, to become visible, known; epiphanies = conspicuous, memorable, notable; epiphauo = to illuminate – from epi- = over, upon, towards + phaino = to light, shine, show, appear;
GK: optomai = to gaze (in astonishment); opsis = to see; the face, external show, appearance; cf. other terms for appearance: blepo = to look at, voluntary observation; blemma = vision; eido = to see, to know, passive vision – see IDEA; theaomai = to look closely at, to inspect – see THEORY; skopeo = to spy, mark, take aim at – see SCOPE;
GK: prosopon = the front, what is before the view; countenance, aspect, surface; presence, person; ouward appearance – from ops = the face;
GK: phaino = to lighten, shine, show; appear, seem; phaneros = apparent; phanerosis = exhibition, bestowal, manifestation; phanos = lantern; phantazo = to make apparent, to appear;
apparel, face, gaze, idea, periphery, phantasm, scope, surface, surfeit, theory, veil, unveil…
APPREHENSION
grasped in advance.
L: ad- = to and prehendere = grasp, take hold of, seize (in the mind, by the body)—in turn from prae-, before and hendere, seize, take, cling (to), from *GHEND = get, reach, hold, contain; F: apprendre = learn, teach, come to know, find out;
apprentice, beget, comprehend, comprise, enterprise, prison, surprise…
APPRENTICE
one who seizes
L: apprenditus = learner of a trade; L: apprendere = to lay hold of, seize; prehendere, F: prendre = take, apprehend; learn, understand – from ad- = to + prehendere, prehensus = seize;
apprehend, apprehensive, prehensile…
APPROPRIATE
fit for purpose
L: appropriatus = to make one’s own; to be fit, suitable; L: proprius, prope = near; F: propre = clean; L: probus = good – from ad- = to + proprius = one’s own, proper; prius = single, peculiar, private – from pro- = forward + per = to go through, travel; to produce, afford; prae = before – hence appropriate is ap-pro-prae = off-forward-before; cf. apropos = to the purpose, with reference to what is proposed; and aptus = fit, fitted – from apere = to fasten, join together; cf. aperire = to open; see APPEAR, DOOR and *PER, under PERIPHERY;
adapt, adept, appear, approach, approbation, approve, apropos, apt, aptitude, door, periphery, proof, proper, approximate…
APRIL
opening
L: aprilis, aperire = to open - spring, the fourth month when the earth `opens’ to produce its harvest; F: ouvrir = open; ouvrier = worker, one who opens; oeuvre = work; see DOOR, OPEN, WORK;
door, open, work…
APRIORI
without a first: always-already
L: a- = without + prior, priorem = former, superior; GK: pro-, SKT: pra- = first, before, forward, in front; allied to E: for = in the place of, on account of; also, before that; fore = in front, coming first; cf. F: pour = for, for the sake of, instead of; see *BHER and *PER under FOR and PERIPHERY;
aporia, periphery
APSE
turning point
L: apsis = bow, turn, turning point or limit of a planet’s orbit when it is nearest or farthest from the sun; GK: aptein = fasten, join, bind; aphis = fastening, felloe of a wheel, curve, bow, arch, vault; cf. apt = fitting, ready; L: apere = fasten, join together;
aptitude, adept…
ARBOR
treed place
L: arbor = tree; cf. ME: herbere, L: herbarium = garden of herbs or flowers, small lawn, orchard; L: herba = herb; arboretum = place planted with trees; arboreus = of or belonging to trees; see HARBOUR;
harbour…
ARCH
protective generative curvature
L: arcus = bow, arc, curved form; cf. arcade = a walk arched over; I: arcare = bend, arch; ark = chest or box; L: arcere = keep; arcanus = hide, keep, enclose;
GK: arkein = keep safe; archeo = to ward off, raise a barrier; GK: archos = chief; archein = be first; arche = beginning; archaios = of or from the beginning, ancient, old, original, primeval;
E: arch = chief – but also clever, cunning, roguish, sly; AS: arce, erce, L: arci, GK: arche = chief, first, beginning; cf. archaios = old, ancient – from the beginning; *AR = to plough - see ARTICULATE; to fit – see ART; *ARG = to shine, be clear; *ARQ = to protect, keep safe; GK: arkein, L: arcere = to keep off; see ARCHETYPE;
HB: elam = colonnade, pillared space, portico – from ayil = strength, pilaster, oak or other strong tree, post, column; *AL = elevation, power, extension; *ALL = elevated dwelling, tent; *AIYL = vegetative power, vigour; oak, chief, posts of a door, threshold;
HB: thebah = box, ark; thebuwah = income, produce, gain, increase – from boua = to go, come, abide; beah = entrance to a building; *TH = reciprocity, sympathy; *THA = determination, designation, definition; *THAH = what limits, defines, circumscribes; closed room; nuptial chamber; *THB = reunion, globe, sphere; universal vessel, world, earth; *THOUB = to turn, return, retrace steps, follow a circular movement; *BAH = progression, passage, locomotion; *BOUAH = arrival, provenance, advent, arrival, birth;
arcane, arcade, arch, archaic, archetype, arrow, articulate…
ARCHETYPE
chief pattern
GK: archetupon - from arche, AS: arce; L: archi = chief, first, principal, beginning, commencement + tuptein = pattern, mould, stamp, beat; see TYPE;
arch, type…
ARCHITECT
chief weaver
GK: architekton – from arche, AS: arce; L: archi = chief, first, principal + tekton = artificer, weaver, builder; see TECTONIC;
arch, tectonic…
ARCHITRAVE
chief beam
L: arcus = chief + trabs, trabem = beam; “the reason-peece or master beam”[12]; GK: traphex = spear-shaft, beam; cf. Celtic: atreb; W: athref = domain, district; treb, tref = house;
arch, beam, trabeated…
ARCHIVE
chief dwelling
L: archiuum; GK: archeion = residence of the magistrates - from arche = chief, first, principal + on, en = being, principial order, ontological government;
ARCTIC
pivotal constellation
GK: arktikos = near the (constellation of) the bear, northern; arktos = bear, Great Bear, polar constellation, pole star, pivot of the heavenly circuit in the northern hemisphere; cf. L: ursus, SKT: rkshas = bear; F: ursine = belonging to a bear; ursin = sea urchin
arch, urchin…
AREA
cleared level ground
L: area = open space, cleared or level ground; cf. L: arena = sand, sanded place (for gladiatorial contest); GK: Ares = god of war; Areios = belonging to the god of war; and areopagus – from ares + pagos = mountain peak, rock, hill;
ARITHMETIC
without rhythm
GK: arithmetikos = belonging to numbers; arithmeo = to ennumerate, count; cf. airo = lift up, raise; arithmos = number, reckoning; a- = without + ruthmon = rhythm; configuration in the process of formation—see RHYTHM; hence, arithmetic is literally that which is without-rhythm—the state of arrested development;
rhythm...
ARM
equipmental power of the joint
GK: armos = joint, shoulder; arthron = joint, limb; SKT: irmas = arm; *AR = fit, join, articulate; L: armare = arm, furnish with weapons; arma = fittings, tackle, equipment; GK: armena = tackling of a ship, tools of a workman; cf. army, armature, armour; cf.
HB: *AR = intrinsic power and motion; a principle and all that properly belongs to it; that which is powerful, vigorous, productive; corresponds to the rectilinear with *ASH (relative power and motion; foundation; that which is hidden in its principle) corresponding to the curvilinear;
HB: zeroah = the arm – as stretched out; force, strength; zarah = to disperse, fan, scatter away, spread, strew; *ZR = what distances itself form a centre, expands, distributes, disperses in all directions; dissemination, ventilation, diversion – hence, a stranger, adversary, alien, contemptible person;
GK: brachion, brasso = the arm – as extended and wielded; cf. bruo = swell out, gush; F: bras = arm; E: branch and bracken = fern; brake = bush, thicket of fern – in the sense of what breaks through broken ground - *BHREG = to break; cf. BRACKET – as a projecting branch, and BREAK, BRANCH, BRICK, BRIDGE, FRAGMENT;
art, articulation, army, armour, armature, break, bracket, brick, bridge, fragment equipment, furniture, joint…
ARRIS
stop
L: arista = ear of corn, spine, fishbone, ridge, sharp edge at the meeting, or stopping of two planes; F: arête = fishbone; cf. arrest, F: arrêter = stop;
ME: aresten = to stop, seize; L: restare = stay, remain, stand;
arrest, rest, stand…
ARRIVE
approach the rift
L: adripare, arripare = to come to the shore – form ad- + ripam = towards the shore; ripam = rift, break, shore, bank; GK: eripen = broken cliff; see RIVER;
river…
ART
fit together
AS: eart – ar; E: are - from es, *ES = to be;
L: ars = skill; *AR = to plough, fit together, join, arm; to fit, join together, articulate; arthron, L: artus = joint, knuckle, knot; articulare = to supply with joints, to divide by joints; GK: aeirein = to raise up; aoristos = indefinite – from a- = without + orixein = definition, limit; SK: aras = spoke of a wheel;
GK: arthron = joint; armos = shoulder;
L: artem, ars = to arrange, put into rank, range, organise into a circle; cf. E: array = set in order, make ready; AS: raed; OHG: reiti; Icelandic: greida = equip, greidi = arrange, greidr = ready; cf. radiate, irradiate; cf. GK: tassein, taxis = arrange, order; cf. E: arsenal - Arabic: dar-aç--çina’ah = house of construction; place for making things – from dar = house, çina’ah = art, trade, construction; E: aescetic – from GK: asketikos = industrious, given to exercise; asketes = one who exercises an art; askein = work, adorn, practise;
*ARG = to shine; GK: argos = white, arguros = silver; L: argentum = silver, argilla = white clay, arguere = to make clear; F: argent = silver, money; argile = clay;
HB: mashah, ashah = to do, make, accomplish, appoint; *ASH = deploying activity; to establish, found, render solid;
GK: techne = art – as productive; trade, skill, occupation; cf. technites = a founder, builder, artisan – see TECTONIC;
aorta, arable, arthritis, (h)armony, article, articulate, arm, horizon, joint, techne, tectonic, technology…
ARTIFICIAL
cunningly made contrivance
L: artificium = skill, cunning, contrivance, craft, workmanship – form ars = art + facere = to make, to make fit together; artifex = workman;
MF: tricher = cheat, beguile, deceive; trick; to be crafty, prone to deceit, skilful at evasion, resourceful, adroit; tretcher = traitor; L: tricare = to dally, to make difficulties; cf. intricate = perplexed, obscure, entangled; intrigue = to form secret plots, ensnare, entrap; F: tricoter = to knit; MF: trailler = to wind a yarn, to spin a tale or trail; L: tradere = to hand-over, deliver, give-over, transmit – but also to betray;
HB: choresh = fabricator, mechanic, artificer; forest – as providing material for fabrication; charash = to scratch, engrave, plough; fabricate, devise; fabricator of any material – carpenter, engraver, maker, worker; charosheth = mechanical work, carving, cutting; cf. charak = to braid, catch in a net; charon = burning of anger, fury, wrath; charutz = incise, determine, thresh, decide – by acting pointedly, wounding, maiming; charaph = to pull off, expose; charar = to glow; charsha = magician; cheresh = deaf; *CHR = what is apparent, eminent; what serves to engrave, cut, dig; what serves to keep the memory of things – script, character, mark, engraving; see *QERT, *CHRT, under CHART; the word choresh is in fact transcribed from harash – from *HER = hearth from which heat expands in rays; a consuming ardour; what burns and consumes; what is burnt and consumed; residue, excrement; the opening of a furnace, entry into a cave, anus, hole of a latrine; *HOUR = to consume, purify; cf. *HESH = violent motion seeking to distend; central fire + *RSH = the point at the centre of a circle; centre deploying its circumference; principle in train; *RASH = principle in action;
art, artifice, craft, treason, trade, tradition, treatment, treaty…
ASHLAR
thin dressing
OF: aiseler = cross piece used to bind together two pieces of timber - originally a vertical tie or strut between rafters and joists in roof framing; aisselle = little wooden board or shingle; L: axilla, axis = board or plank; originally a carpentry term which came to refer to thin squared stones resembling shingles and used as facing to rubble or brick walls;
axis, cosmetic, dress, decorum, decoration, equipment, ornament, furniture…
ASSEMBLE
collate into similitude
OF: assembler = assemble, approach, come together (so as `to engage in battle’); L: assimulare = collect, bring together in one place; pretend, feign - ad = to + simul, similis = together, like; GK: sun = together; SKT: sam = with, together with;
HB: acaph = to gather, collect, receive, consume, withdraw; *AOUPH = to conduct to an end, to envelop in a rotating motion;
HB: qabats = to grasp, collect, assemble, bring together; qubbath = goblet; qaba = to cover; qabal = to admit, receive; see *QAB, under CUBE;
HB: qahal = assemblage, company, congregation, multitude; to convoke, gather together; *KEK = frightening scream; *KEHL = call to assemble animals;
HB: hutzereth = assembly, holiday meeting – from hutzar = to enclose, hold back, maintain, withhold; *HUTZ = matter; wood, tree; what consolidates, hardens – see MATTER;
GK: sunago = to lead together, collect, convene, entertain hospitably; cf. sunagoge = assemblage of persons, synagogue – from sun- = with, together + ago = to lead, induce; see *AG, under ACT;
GK: paneguris = mass meeting, general assembly – from pan- = all, every, the whole + agora = to gather, lead-towards; a town square, marketplace; cf. agra, agreuo = to catch, haul; agros = field, country; egeiro = collect one’s faculties, waken, rouse, rear up; egersis = resurrection;
act, assimilate, cube, matter, same, similar, simulate, sum, synthesis…
ASSEMBLAGE
brought into similitude
L: assimilare, from ad- = to and similis = like, resembling, of the same kind; hence to make like, compare, copy, imitate, feign; gather-together; *SEM = one, as one, together with.
assimilate, ensemble, resemble, same, seem, similar, simple, simulate, single, some, verisimilitude…
ATMOSPHERE
vaporous circumambience
GK: atmo, hatmos = vapour; atmis = vapour + sphaira = sphere; spaira = globe, ball; cf. sparya = that which is tossed about; cf. atomos = indivisible, uncut – from a- = without + temno, *TEM = cut, separate, see TEMPLE; aemi = to breathe, blow, respire; the air, as circumambient;
ambiance, ambiguity, ambivalence, circumambiance, discrepancy, mood…
ATTACH
tack-to
ME: attachen = take prisoner, arrest, convict; fasten with a peg, small nail or tack - L: ad- = to + tacher = tack; cf. L: tangere = touch; IT: attaccare = fasten, join, attack, assault; cf. E: attract = to draw towards; trace; see L: trahere, under DRAW;
draw, touch, tangent, attain…
ATTUNEMENT
resonant attention
L: tonus = sound (of a plucked monochord/stretched string); tenere = to hold, grasp; tendere = stretch; tenuis = thin, rare, tenuous;
GK: tonos = pitch, accent, taught/stretched string; tenein = stretch—from *TEN = stretch, put into tension, render thin; tasis = a stretching, tension; tenos = sinew; Sanskrit tantram = loom; tanuh - thin; tantra = system, doctrine (as a matrix of practices);
attend, attention, attenuate, contain, detain, diatonic, entertain, extend, intend, distend, maintain, obtain, pertain, retain, sustain, temple, temporal, tender, thin, time, tenuous, tenant, tenement, tenet, tent, tense, tenure, tune, tone, tonic...
AUGUST
pertaining to inaugurating augmentation
*AUG, *AUK = to increase; L: augere = to increase; the 8th Roman month; cf. E: autumn, and L: auctus = to increase; see ACT;
augur, augment, august, author, inaugurate…
AUTHOR
one who, inaugurating, augments
L: auctorum, auctor = originator; auctus = to make grow, increase; cf. augere, under AUGUR and AUGUST;
augur, august…
AVENUE
come to
L: aduenire = to come to, approach – from ad- = to + uenire = to come, arrive;
arrive, venue…
AXIS
what leads
GK: axon; L: axis; SKT: aksha; AS: eax = axle, wheel, cart - from *AG = lead to, drive, urge, conduct; GK: agein; SKT: aj = to drive; AS: eaxl = shoulder;
agony, agonics, agent, agile, acre…
NOTES
[1] Agamben,
[2] Cf. Romans 8: 15; Galatians 4: 6.
[3] D’Olivet: 16-17.
[4] Strong: Greek Dictionary, 56.
[5] L, GK: strategema = device or act of a general; GK: stratos = encamped army - as being spread or stretched out; L: stratum = that which is laid flat or spread out; SKT: str = to spread; *STER = to scatter, spread out; cf. straw, strew, stray, street, stretch, stride, strut, stratosphere; GK: agein (L: agere) = agency, general ship; agent = performer, one who does, drives, conducts; from *AG = to drive, conduct, arrange; cf. act, agile, agitate, agony; and GK: agonia = contest, wrestling, struggle; agon = assembly, arena of combat, contest; agonistes = champion; agein = to drive.
[6] “The war is not without rules, but the rules allow and encourage the greatest possibility of utterance”: Lyotard, The Postmodern Condition: 17.
[7] Of language games, Lyotard writes “to speak is to fight, in the sense of playing, and speech acts fall within the domain of a general agonistics. This does not necessarily mean that one plays in order to win. A move can be made for the sheer pleasure of its invention: ... undoubtedly even this pleasure depends on a feeling of success won at the expense of an adversary - at least one adversary, and a formidable one: the accepted language or connotation”. On agonistics and paralogy [a move (the importance of which is often not recognised until later) played in the pragmatics of knowledge (Ibid.: 61); in which the ‘end’ is not consensus but an internal undermining of the system within which the `game’ is being played and played-out]: Ibid.: 10, 16; 43, 60-1.
[8] L: co = together, ludus = sport; cf. play, AS: plega = game, sport, diversion in the sense of fight, skirmish, battle; to strike, to clap hands, to inflict blows. The ritual sense of traditional warfare and game-playing is essential to agonistics.
[9] Strong, Greek Dictionary: 62.
[10] Eg.: “let me speak, and answer thou me” – Job, 13: 22
[11] See Plato, Cratylus:
[12] Skeat: 29.